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Shipping & Logistics in Nigeria
Expert Answers for International Traders and Vessel Owners
Navigating the Nigerian maritime and logistics sector can be complex. At PKA Logistics Ltd, we believe that informed clients make the best partners. Below, we have compiled the most critical questions asked by our foreign clients regarding customs clearance, maritime regulations, and inland distribution.
What is PAAR, and why is it mandatory for my shipment?
PAAR (Pre-Arrival Assessment Report) is a critical document issued by the Nigeria Customs Service (NCS). It confirms the classification (HS Code) and duty valuation of your goods before they arrive. Without a valid PAAR, you cannot commence the clearing process. At PKA Logistics, we fast-track PAAR processing through your designated bank to ensure it is ready before your vessel berths.
What is a Form M, and who processes it?
A Form M is a mandatory statutory document required by the Central Bank of Nigeria (CBN) and Customs for all imports. It must be processed electronically on the Nigeria Single Window Trade Portal. As your licensed agent, we guide you through the documentation required by your bank to ensure your Form M is approved without queries.
How long does it take to clear a container at Apapa or Tin Can Port?
With PKA Logistics’ streamlined approach, the standard timeline is:
- Sea Freight: 5 to 7 working days (after vessel discharge).
- Air Freight (Lagos/Kano): 24 to 48 hours.
- Note: Delays usually occur due to documentation errors. We provide a pre-shipment document audit to eliminate this risk.
How is Customs Duty calculated in Nigeria?
Nigeria uses the CIF (Cost, Insurance, and Freight) value to calculate duties. The total “Landed Cost” typically includes:
- Surface Duty: Based on the HS Code of the product (5%, 10%, or 20%).
- Surcharge: 7% of the Surface Duty.
- CISS (Comprehensive Import Supervision Scheme): 1% of the FOB value.
- ETLS (ECOWAS Trade Liberalization Scheme): 0.5% of the CIF (for non-ECOWAS goods).
- VAT: Currently 7.5% of the total (CIF + Duty + Surcharges).
Does PKA Logistics handle "Delivered Duty Paid" (DDP) shipments?
Yes. Under the new 2026 Standard Operating Procedures for courier and freight companies, PKA Logistics is fully equipped to act as the “Declarant.” We can handle all duty payments on your behalf, allowing your Nigerian customers to receive goods without the hassle of customs intervention.
What are the requirements for a foreign vessel to call at a Nigerian Port?
All vessels must be represented by a licensed Shipping Agency like PKA Logistics Ltd. We handle the 3% cargo levy remittance to NIMASA, the NPA (Nigerian Ports Authority) pilotage dues, and ensure the vessel complies with the Coastal and Inland Shipping (Cabotage) Act.
Can you assist with Crew Changes in Lagos or Onne?
Absolutely. We provide comprehensive Vessel Husbandry. This includes securing “Shore Passes” for crew, managing medical evacuations, and coordinating with the Nigerian Immigration Service for seamless crew sign-on/sign-off.
What is the "Cabotage Waiver" and do I need one?
If you are operating a foreign-flagged vessel in Nigerian domestic waters (Cabotage trade), you are required to obtain a waiver from the Ministry of Transportation through NIMASA. PKA Logistics has 10 years of experience in managing these applications for offshore and shipping companies.
Is it safe to transport high-value cargo by road in Nigeria?
Security is a top priority. Our fleet management includes real-time GPS tracking and, for sensitive or high-value project cargo, we coordinate with specialized transit security escorts to ensure safe delivery from the port to your warehouse.
Do you provide temporary storage for uncleared cargo?
We offer secure bonded warehousing solutions. This allows you to store cargo in a customs-controlled environment while final duty payments or documentations are being finalized, helping you avoid heavy port storage charges.
What items are currently banned from importation into Nigeria?
The Nigeria Customs Service Prohibition List is updated periodically. Common banned items include:
- Used motor vehicles older than 12–15 years (depending on the latest circular).
- Certain medicaments (e.g., Paracetamol, Fruit Juices in retail packs).
- Refined vegetable oils.
Always consult with PKA Logistics before shipping to confirm the current status of your HS Code.